This list of Indian inventions and discoveries details the inventions, scientific discoveries and contributions of India, including both the ancient and medieval nations in the subcontinent historically referred to as India and the modern Indian state. It draws from the whole cultural and technological history of India, during which architecture, astronomy, cartography, metallurgy, logic, mathematics, metrology and mineralogy were among the branches of study pursued by its scholars. During recent times science and technology in the Republic of India has also focused on automobile engineering, information technology, communications as well as research into space and polar technology.

Sl No.

Category

Person

1

First British Viceroy ofIndia

 Lord Canning

2

First Chairman of Prasar Bharti

 Nikhil Chakravorty

3

First Chairman of Rajyasabha

 S.V. Krishnamurthy

4

First Chief Election Commissioner ofIndia

 Sukumar Sen

5

First Field Marshal ofIndia

 General S.P.F.J. Manekshaw

6

First Foreigner to receive Bharat Ratna Khan

 Abdul Gaffar Khan

7

First Governor General of freeIndia

 Lord Mountbatten

8

First Home Minister ofIndia

 Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel

9

First Indian Air chief Marshal

 S. Mukherjee

10

First Indian Chess Grandmaster

 S Vishwnathan

11

First Indian Commander-in-chief

 General K. M. Kariappa

12

First Indian Cricketer to score Triple Century in Test

 Virendra Sehwag

13

First Indian Naval Chief

 Vice Admiral R. D. Katari

14

First Indian Pilot

 JRD Tata

15

First Indian toCrossEnglish Channel

 Mihir Sen

16

First Indian to get an Oscar

 Bhanu Athaiya

17

First Indian to get Anderson Award

 Ruskin Bond

18

First Indian to go in space

 Squadron Ldr. Rakesh Sharma

19

First Indian to reachAntarctica

 Lt. Ran Charan

20

First Indian to reach the deep sea floor in the Mid Atlantic

 P.S. Rao

21

First Indian to reach the south pole

 Col.I K Bajaj

22

First Indian to Receive Bharat Ratna

 Dr. Radha Krishnan

23

First Indian to receive Jnan Peeth award

 Sri Shankar Kurup

24

First Indian to receive Magsaysay Award

 Vinoba Bhave

25

First Indian to receive Nobel Prize in Economics

 Dr. Amartya Sen

26

First Indian to receive Stalin Prize

 Saifuddin Kichlu

27

First Indian to win Nobel Prize

 Rabindra Nath Tagore

28

First Judge to face Impeachment proceedings in Loksabha

 Justice V. Ramaswami

29

First person to reachMount Everestwithout Oxygen

 Sherpa Arga Dorji

30

First person to receive Paramvir Chakra

 Major Somnath Sharma

31

First President of Indian National Congress

 W.C. Banerjee